GBS a serious neurological disorder; early diagnosis, timely medical intervention important: Expert

Chandigarh: “Guillain-Barré Syndrome (GBS) is a rare but potentially life-threatening neurological condition that can cause rapid muscle weakness and paralysis. Often triggered by infections, GBS occurs when the body's immune system mistakenly attacks the peripheral nerves, leading to symptoms such as tingling, weakness, and loss of reflexes.”

Speaking during a Max Super Speciality Hospital, Mohali awareness campaign on understanding GBS and its necessary precautions on Monday, Dr. Rahul Mahajan, neurologist at Max said that while the exact cause remains unknown, early diagnosis and timely medical intervention can significantly improve outcomes.

Dr. Mahajan emphasised the importance of recognising early warning signs.

“GBS is typically marked by a rapid onset of muscle weakness that moves upward from the lower limbs. Individuals may have trouble with basic movements, such as standing, sitting, or holding small objects. Progressive muscle weakness can affect mobility, making simple tasks challenging. Some patients may also experience issues with blood pressure, bladder control, and digestion,"

“GBS can develop suddenly, and in severe cases, it may cause difficulty in breathing or even complete paralysis. It often follows viral or bacterial infections, such as respiratory or gastrointestinal illnesses. Many cases occur after infections like influenza, COVID-19, or even food poisoning caused by Campylobacter bacteria. While GBS is not contagious, understanding its potential triggers can help in early recognition and management”

Despite the severity of the condition, treatment options such as intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) therapy and plasmapheresis have shown to be effective in reducing symptoms and speeding up recovery, pointed out Dr. Mahajan.

“With proper medical care, most patients recover significantly within months to a year. However, early intervention is crucial to prevent severe complications,”

As GBS can lead to severe complications, recognising its symptoms early and differentiating it from similar conditions is crucial, he maintained.

Prompt diagnosis and medical intervention can significantly improve patient outcomes and prevent long-term disability; he said adding awareness and timely action remain key in managing this rare but serious neurological disorder.