The Silent Threat: Recognizing the Symptoms of Mouth Cancer

by Dr. Lakshmi Priyadarshini K, Consultant - Medical Oncology, HCG Cancer Centre, Vijayawada

For individuals grappling with the challenges of mouth cancer, every step in their journey is marked by resilience and fortitude. Exploring through the complexities of treatment and its aftermath requires a steadfast spirit, as these patients confront not only the physical toll but also the emotional and psychological facets of their battle against this formidable adversary.

Mouth cancer, also known as oral cancer, often lurks undetected in its early stages. This insidious nature makes it even more crucial to be aware of its warning signs and prioritize regular oral health checks. Mouth cancer is caused due to interplay of several factors such as excessive alcohol consumption, tobacco use, genetic predisposition and others. Early detection of mouth cancer significantly improves the chances of successful treatment and positive outcomes. So, how do we recognize this silent threat? Here are some key symptoms to watch out for:

Lingering Sores: A mouth sore that refuses to heal after two weeks deserves immediate attention. These sores can appear anywhere in the mouth, including the lips, tongue, gums, cheeks, and throat. They may be red, white, or painless, but their persistence is a red flag.

Suspicious Patches: White or red patches, known as leukoplakia and erythroplakia, respectively, can be pre - cancerous lesions. While not all patches become cancerous, their presence demands evaluation.

Lumps and Bumps: Any unexplained lump or bump on the lips, gums, inside the mouth, or even under the jaw requires a closer look. These swellings may be accompanied by pain or tenderness, although not always.

Dysphagia and Jaw Issues: Difficulty swallowing or chewing, a feeling of something stuck in your throat, or limited jaw movement can be associated with mouth cancer, especially when progressing to later stages.

Changes in Speech: Slurred speech, hoarseness, or a persistent change in voice can be caused by tumors affecting the throat or tongue. Don't ignore these subtle differences in your voice.

Numbness and Bleeding: Unexplained numbness in the mouth, lip, or face, along with frequent bleeding from the gums or other areas of the mouth, should raise an alarm.

Loose Teeth and Denture Discomfort: Teeth becoming inexplicably loose or dentures fitting poorly due to swelling in the jaw can be indicators of underlying problems, potentially including mouth cancer.

Unexplained Weight Loss: A sudden and unexpected drop in weight can be a symptom of various cancers, including mouth cancer.

Chronic Bad Breath: While bad breath can have several causes, chronic and persistent foul odor despite good oral hygiene practices can be a potential symptom of mouth cancer.

It's important to remember that not everyone experiencing these symptoms will have mouth cancer. However, any persistent or unexplained changes in your mouth or throat must be taken seriously. Early diagnosis is key, and prompt action can drastically improve the treatment outcomes. Here's what you can do to stay proactive:

Regular Dental Checkups: Schedule regular dental checkups, ideally twice a year. Your dentist can examine your mouth and throat for any abnormalities like sharp tooth and perform oral cancer screenings.

Self-Examinations: Conduct monthly self-examinations of your mouth and throat using a bright light and mirror. Be thorough and check for any suspicious changes.

Maintain Good Oral Hygiene: Practice good oral hygiene by brushing twice daily, flossing regularly. This not only keeps your mouth healthy but also makes it easier to spot any changes.

Limit Risk Factors: Minimize your risk of mouth cancer by avoiding tobacco and excessive alcohol consumption. These are established risk factors for developing the disease. Early detection and intervention are crucial in tackling mouth cancer effectively.

By being aware of the symptoms, practicing good oral hygiene, and attending regular checkups, you can empower yourself to combat this silent threat and prioritize your oral health. Remember, knowledge is power – the power to protect yourself and ensure a healthy smile.